Architecture

Data-Level Multi-Tenant Database Isolation Strategies

System Flow Diagram

Option A: Database-per-Tenant → [Tenant 1 DB] [Tenant 2 DB] (Absolute Isolation)
Option B: Schema-per-Tenant   → [Single DB] → [Tenant 1 Schema] [Tenant 2 Schema]
Option C: Shared-Schema       → [Single DB] → [Single Table] (filtered by tenant_id)

Request Workflow & Logic

This reference describes how to select and implement database isolation. It covers connection pools, security filters, and migration management across multiple databases.

Engineering Considerations

Isolation Level

Choose database-per-tenant for enterprise customers, and shared-schema for startups to minimize host costs.

Migration Scripting

Write migrations that loop through and update all tenant databases sequentially using automated CLI runners.

Cross-Tenant Protection

For shared databases, use row-level security (RLS) policies at the database layer to prevent leaks.

Recommended Infrastructure Stack

Service	Purpose / Role
PostgreSQL RDS	Supports row-level security (RLS) and custom database schemas.
AWS Secrets Manager	Stores individual connection strings securely.
Prisma / Sequelize	ORM configured with dynamic connection strings at runtime.

Security Isolation Policy

Configure Postgres Row Level Security (RLS) to enforce tenant isolation at the database engine level.

DevOps & Deployment Configuration

Write migration scripts that update schemas across all active tenant databases automatically.