Architecture

Enterprise Microservices Service Mesh & API Gateway Design

System Flow Diagram

Public Traffic → API Gateway (Kong) → Service Mesh (Istio / Envoy)
                                                         ↓
                                       ┌─────────────────┼─────────────────┐
                                       ↓                 ↓                 ↓
                                Auth Service       Order Service     User Service

Request Workflow & Logic

Public requests pass through the Kong API Gateway, which checks security rules and rate limits. The request is forwarded into the Istio service mesh, which routes it securely using TLS encryption between microservices.

Engineering Considerations

Service Discovery

DNS-based routing dynamically registers and connects new microservice containers.

Circuit Breaker

Envoy proxies cut off failing services to prevent system-wide crashes.

Distributed Tracing

Jaeger inserts unique trace IDs in HTTP headers to debug multi-service requests.

Recommended Infrastructure Stack

Service	Purpose / Role
Amazon EKS	Kubernetes engine hosting microservice containers.
Kong Gateway	Manages rate-limiting and user authentication rules.
Istio Service Mesh	Encrypts service communications and routes traffic.

Security Isolation Policy

Implement mTLS (mutual TLS) for all service communications to block internal snooping.

DevOps & Deployment Configuration

Build containers using GitHub Actions and deploy them with Helm charts to Kubernetes.